Shaped bodies

ABSTRACT

Shaped bodies, containing at least one shaped body with an unstressed three-dimensional inherent volume form that has at least one integrated curved part and can be displaced and/or partially or wholly transformed into another three-dimensional volume form by means of an active element connected to the shaped body, using a variable force of pressure/tensile force.

This application claims priority of European Patent Application No.EP-97114117.1 filed Aug. 14, 1997, and PCT Application No.PCT/EP98/05157 filed on Aug. 13, 1998. which is incorporated herein byreference.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

1. Field of the Invention

This invention relates to shaped bodies, which can be employed in manytechnical fields. They may, for example, be used in backrests of seatfurniture, in order to permit, for example, the individual adaptation ofthe backrest curvature to the persons sitting on the furniture at thattime.

2. Description of Related Art

From German Patent Reference DE 33 24 655 A1 a seat including a lumbarsupport is known, having an adjustable spring metal sheet acting on theback rest upholstery, with different deformation rigidities in the upperand lower region.

From PCT International Publication WO 94/08492 an adjustable backsupport including a panel is known, adjustable using an upper and alower tensioning element, adapted to be adjusted individually.

The shaped bodies can also be used to construct supports of differentlyshaped building components, during assemblies serving as supports forsecuring packagings, for the prevention of damage to goods, in themedico-technical field, and for example for couches, orthopaedic shoesand the like in all fields, where certain space configurations should becapable of being modified for optical, technical, medical reasons, andalso for example adaptable supports.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

It is one object of this invention to provide three-dimensionally shapedbodies with an integrated convexity, which are able to adopt in a simpleand easy manner different space configurations, deviating from theoriginal shape and/or which are adaptable to provide adequate supportfunctions.

This object is attained by a shaped body, having at least one shapedbody, with an unloaded three-dimensional inherent volume configurationthat includes at least one one-sided integrated convexity, displaceableby means of at least one flexible active element connected along theconvexity with the shaped body, by way of applying a variablecompressive and/or tensile force onto the flexible active element and/orwholly or partly convertible into a different three-dimensional volumeconfiguration by displacement into itself.

Advantageous embodiments of this invention are discussed in and apparentfrom the following specification and the claims.

In this invention a shaped body, the unloaded three-dimensional inherentconfiguration of which has at least one integrated convexity, e.g. anydesired triangular cross-sectional shape, can convert wholly or partlyinto a shaped body with a different inherent configuration by applyingforce, in which case this applied force and as a result the spatialtransformation can take place continuously or incrementally. Maximumdeformation is attained by maximum permissible force application; whenreducing the force application the deformation is reduced until theoriginal inherent shape is attained again, when completely unloaded.

For example, a wire, ribbon, cord, belt or a strip of plaited artificialor natural fibres or even metal threads, a round or profiled rod ofplastics or metal, a sheet metal strip or the like may be used as theactive element, in which context merely an adequately flexibleresilience and resistance force sufficient for the forces to be appliedmust be present, at least in the direction of attack and transmission ofa force. It is also possible to provide a tensile or pressure element inthe direction of tension or pressure with different elasticities, forexample by using spring elements, such as for damping and/or tosubdivide it, in which case any suitable device may be included betweenthe parts for applying forces to the active elements.

The shape-variable shaped body, may also be a spatial body, having oneor more parts, suitable to absorb supporting forces and to transmitthese forces to the active elements or vice versa. It may be made ofplastics, in particular foam plastics, it may take the form of a cushionbody and it may also include nondeformable parts. The shaped body may becomposed of individual elements, which themselves form shaped bodiesagain, which individually or in groups may be movable or stationary inrelation to one another, in which context the arrangement on a holdingmeans or carrier or with a flexible cover or in a flexible envelope ispossible; the latter may even be elastic. The deformable parts of theshaped body may also be provided on top of or on a non-deformable part,e.g. a core of wood, metal or plastics or they may be composed of aplurality of rigid parts movable in relation to one another. Rests,seats, couches, optical and other advertising means, stage sets,camouflage devices, tools, tool apparatus, support structures and alltypes of frames, a mattress part, a bed frame, a packing container or acontainer, shoes and many more may, for example, serve as support meansor a carrier. A shaped body may likewise be composed of individual rigidsegments, which are connected loosely next to one another or in anarticulate manner to an active element, a support, holding means or thelike. The latter may be one part, and it may be made of plastics.

Any device, capable of exerting force on the shaped body or bodies byway of the active element, may serve for the modification of the forcesto be applied, in which case the active elements may in the process beboth stressed and unstressed. An arrangement permitting the applicationof pressure onto each shaped body is likewise possible. The device maybe driven mechanically or by a motor and may be operated directly or byremote control, e.g. by means of a Bowden cable or rods or evenpneumatically, hydraulically, electrically or by wireless means.

The connection between the shaped bodies and each active element may beeffected in any desired way, e.g. by adhesives, welding, riveting etc.,in individual cases also by mere friction, e.g. if the shaped body isarranged in a closed envelope.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

This invention will be described in more detail according to and by wayof working examples wherein:

FIG. 1 is an embodiment of a shape-variable shaped body in threepositions, in a diagrammatic view;

FIG. 2 is a section of a backrest with a shape-variable shaped body, incross-section;

FIG. 3 is a different backrest with a shape-variable shaped body, incross-section;

FIG. 4 shows two further embodiments of backrests, one as a fittedmodule and another as a loose cushion, each in cross-section;

FIG. 5 shows a shoe with a shape-variable shaped body, in cross-section;

FIG. 6 shows a mattress with two shape-variable shaped bodies, incross-section;

FIG. 7 shows a bed with three shape-variable shaped bodies, incross-section;

FIG. 8 shows a longitudinal section (A) and two cross-sections (B, C) ofa seat backrest including a shaped body extending in longitudinal,vertical and transverse directions, on which the active elements engagein the vertical as well as in the transverse direction;

FIG. 9 shows a section of a transport container including two variableshaped bodies arranged therein for stabilizing transport goods;

FIG. 10 shows a cross-section of a shape body, whereon at two staggeredlocations active elements attack in order to displace and change theshape and the vertex;

FIG. 11 shows cross-sections of a shaped body, adapted to stretch in thelongitudinal direction and rigid and pressure-resistant in thetransverse direction;

FIG. 12 shows cross-sections of a shaped body including spaced apartsegments, the body configuration and the volume of which is variable;

FIG. 13 shows cross-sections of a second embodiment of a shaped bodycomprising spaced apart segments;

FIG. 14 shows cross-sections of a third embodiment of a shaped bodycomprising spaced apart segments, the body configuration and volume ofwhich are variable;

FIG. 15 shows cross-sections of a shaped body comprising segments,arranged one against the other in a sleeve;

FIG. 16 shows diagrammatic views of a shaped body comprising segmentsarranged in a fishbone-like pattern, the body configuration and volumeof which are variable;

FIG. 17 shows cross-sections of a fourth embodiment of a shaped bodycomprising spaced apart segments, the body configuration and volume ofwhich are variable;

FIG. 18 shows cross-sections of a fifth embodiment of a shaped bodycomprising spaced apart segments, the body configuration and volume ofwhich are variable.

DESCRIPTION OF PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

In FIG. 1 a basic concept of this invention is shown by way of ashape-variable shaped body 1 in three different shapes. The shaped body1 is shown in FIG. 1A in its position of rest, for example in itsinherent configuration, representing one embodiment of a level base 2and a convexity 3, designed in cross-section in the embodimentsymmetrically as a rounded isosceles triangle, but which may also beasymmetrical. Along the convexity 3 an active element 5 of optionaltype, e.g. in the form of a flexible tensile strip 6, is fitted by aconnecting means 4, which may, for example be a resilient adhesive. Theshape-variable and resilient shaped body 1 is designed slightlystretchable in a longitudinal direction, from top to bottom in FIG. 1A,whereas it is nearly pressure resistant in a transverse direction. If atensile force is applied to the tensile strip 6 on one end, the otherend behind the shaped body 1 then being fixed in position, or if atensile force is applied to both ends, see arrows in FIG. 1B, thetensile strip 6 begins to stretch, pressing the shaped body I forward,elastically deforming it, until it reaches the final position shown inFIG. 1C, in which the shaped body 1 has a mirror image configuration inrelation to the original position, and the convexity 3′ then faces theside opposite the original position. If the tensile forces are slowly orspontaneously reduced and ultimately cancelled, the shaped body 1returns from the configuration shown in FIG. 1C to that shown in FIG. 1Aunder its inherent tension/inherent resilience. By adjusting the tensileforce from zero to a value, at which the tensile strip 6 is completelystretched, any desired position or convexity of the shaped body 1 can beset between the two original positions.

The embodiment shown in FIG. 2 in two positions, shows a seat backrestwith a support structure 7, such as in the form of a shell, comprising atrough-shaped concavity 8. Above the concavity 8 an active element 5 inthe form of a tension belt 9 is fitted, designed in such a manner as tobe able to rest non-stressed in the concavity 8. In the end region orunderneath the concavity 8 a device 10 is fixed to the shell, by meansof which forces are transmitted onto the tension belt 9. The device 10may for example be a coiling apparatus for a tension strip 6 or atension belt 9 or even a rope or a cloth strip. Inside the shell ashaped body 1 in the form of a back support is provided, in whichcontext the back support has a convexity 3, corresponding in its form tothe concavity 8 or vice versa. In particular the parts of the backsupport without convexity, situated in the upper and lower portionoutside the concavity 8 of the shell, may be releasably or permanentlyfifted. A releasable connection can be brought about, for example byVelcro™ fasteners or by snap fasteners. A conceivable fixation of thetension belt 9 in the region of the convexity 3 is not required in thepresent case, as frictional contact exists with the shaped body 1. Inthe original position inherent to the back support, the convexity 3abuts the shell in the concavity 8, just like the tension belt 9. Shouldan individual adaptation of the shaped body 1, serving as a lumbarsupport, to the concrete shape of the person using the back rest, beperformed now, the tension belt 9 is coiled up by the device 10, in theform of a coiling device, causing it to become tensioned and assuming inthe final stage the linearly stretched position shown in FIG. 2B. Duringcoiling the convexity 3 is moved continuously from the concavity 8 andis displaced outwardly until the shaped body 1 in its final stageassumes the convexity 3′, now directed outwardly as shown in FIG. 2B. Ifthe tension belt 9 is uncoiled again by the coiling device, theconvexity of the backrest returns again into the originally specifiedoriginal shape and position due at least to its inherent resilience orthe force of tensioning. By means of a locking device, not shown, or aself-locking tensioning device coiling and, as a result, the tensileforce applied to the tension belt 9 can be stopped in any position, sothat the individual adaptation can be retained.

A simple embodiment, not illustrated, comprises a shaped body asdescribed in FIG. 1, the convexity of which is connected to a web, suchas of fabric, serving as the active element. The upper free end of theweb of fabric is fixed, for example on a cross beam while a coilingdevice is fixed in its position underneath the shaped body, by means ofwhich coiling and uncoiling of the fabric web and thus its tensioningand, as a result, also the modification of shape of the shaped bodybecomes possible.

The back including the head rest shown in FIG. 3 comprises a supportstructure 7′ in the form of a rigid foam back part, on which a head restis provided in the upper region, comprising a cavity 11, serving for theaccommodation of the shape-variable shaped body 1. In this case thedevice 10 for the application of forces is self-locking and connected toa Bowden cable arrangement 12, in which context a portion of the cablearrangement 13 is connected to the convexity 3 of the shaped body 1. Thecable arrangement 13 is guided around two deflecting points 14, 14′. TheBowden cable arrangement 12 may have any device 10 for applying forces,in the present case for shortening and lengthening the cable arrangement13, by which the desired deformation of the shaped body 1 is broughtabout, as described above. On that side against which the user isleaning, a flexible cover 15 covering the cavity 11 and the shaped body1 is provided on the sturdy back part, which may likewise serve asupholstery or for absorption and which abuts loosely against the shapedbody 1 or may also be connected to the shaped body 1.

A further modification of the embodiment resides in that either at theupper or the lower end or even at both ends the tension strips or beltsare deflected at the holding means and are passed to the rear side.Because of the two deflection points 14, 14′ it is possible to arrangethe device 10 for applying the active forces in the rearward, i.e.hidden, region. Preferably, the friction, increased by the deflection,may be reduced by suitable measures, such as for example rolling bodiesprovided on axles. If, as shown in FIG. 3, deflection takes place at thetop and at the bottom, it is also possible, while adhering to themodified shape of the shaped body 1, set in each particular case, tomove the shaped body 1 up and down. This may be done, for example,because one of the deflection points 14 or 14′ is designed for the cablearrangement 13 as a rotary bearing, not shown, e.g. by using a rotatablebushing, around which the cable arrangement 13 is guided, optionallywith a complete wrap. By turning the bushing, optionally by means ofsuitable expedients, the up and down adjustment of the shaped body 1 canbe performed, in the course of which the device 10 for the applicationof forces must not impair this movement. The device 10 for theapplication of forces may itself be designed to move up and down, sothat by its up and down movement the level adjustment can be performedin each particular case.

FIG. 4 shows two embodiments of a backrest. The embodiment shown in FIG.4A represents an independent module, which can, for example, be locked,e.g. hinged, as a whole in a seat frame without any tool. The embodimentillustrated in FIG. 4B is designed as a mobile, transportable backrest.The shaped body 1 of the backrests corresponds with regard toconfiguration and function to the above described shaped bodies 1, sothat in the following deviations only will be pointed out. In bothexamples an active element 5 in the form of a tensile element 6 islikewise provided, fitted to the upper end of an upper end piece 16,shown in FIG. 4A, which takes the form of a hook in the present example.The hook-shaped end piece 16 is adapted to be hooked, for example, to atransverse rod 17, forming part, for example, of a seat frame or supportstructure 7. The lower end of the tensile element 6 communicates withthe device 10 for applying forces, which may be designed as a coilingdevice including an eccentric means. By means of the eccentric means theadjustment characteristics may be modified, e.g. first rapidly withlittle force and then slowly with increasing force. The hook-shaped endpiece 16 may be connected to a back panel 7′ or may form an integralpart of it. At the lower end of the back panel 7′ or on the seat frame,respectively, hooks 18, clamps, eyelets or the like are provided bymeans of which the module can be fifted to the seat frame, preferablywithout any tools. The module may have any desired support structure,even without a back panel.

In the embodiment shown in FIG. 4B a closed, but in any event U-shapedframe 19 with a back panel 7′ and a base 20, e.g. a skid or the like isprovided. The frame 19 may also be designed as a shell, into which aconcavity 8 is integrated. At the upper end the active element 5, e.g. afabric web, is fitted to a support rod 21, adapted to be inserted into atube 22 having a gap 23 in order to introduce the fabric web into theframe 19. The active element 5 may also comprise a plurality of tensionbelts, arranged side-by-side, in which context their attachment, e.g. toa coiling device may be effected on axle journals having different outerdiameters, so that during rotation of the jointly shared axle thetension belts can be rolled up at different speeds, which also permitsexercising a certain effect in transverse direction on the shaped bodies1, e.g. lateral support. It is also possible to provide a plurality ofcoiling devices, which can be activated individually or by any desiredinterconnection. Active elements can, of course, also attack intransverse direction, in order to act on the backrest cross-section.

It stands to reason that in all described embodiments the device 10 forapplying forces, such as coiling or tensioning devices, may also bearranged at the upper end of the backrest and that actuation may also beperformed from a distance, e.g. by a Bowden cable arrangement. Amotor-driven means, driven electrically, hydraulically or pneumaticallycan also be employed. By making use of endless screws, threads,eccentric means etc., the coiling or tensioning device may also haveself-locking properties, which automatically ensure locking in anydesired position by an adjustment by means of a handwheel or a lever,without having to employ locking means, which have to be actuatedspecifically or by releasable latching devices.

FIG. 5 shows a shoe including an orthopaedic support by means of ashape-variable shaped body 1. In this case the adjustment of the activeelement 5, e.g. in the form of a tensioning cord 24, may be performed bya reeling device 25, shown in FIG. 5B, adapted to be shifted and lockedor by a Bowden cable arrangement including a screw spindle 26. Theshaped body 1 is covered by a flexible shoe sole 27.

FIG. 6 shows a mattress, comprising two shape-variable shaped bodies 1and 1′ in the longitudinal direction, one in the head region and one inthe lumbar region. In this case frame elements are provided, to whichthe active elements 5 and/or the devices 10 for applying forces can befifted, in which context deflections and supports may be provided, ifrequired. The mattress further comprises a body, e.g. a foam body, inwhich concavities 8, 8′ and/or gaps for the shaped bodies 1 and 1′ areprovided, as well as a closed cover 15.

FIG. 7 shows an application of the invention within a bed frame, wherethree shape variable shaped bodies 1, 1′, 1′ are provided in thelongitudinal direction, permitting an action similar to that of aslatted bed frame.

FIG. 8 shows a vertical section taken through the back of a seat, shownin FIG. 8A, in which a shaped body 1 is illustrated, adapted to vary itsshape in vertical and transverse directions, associated further withtransversely directed active elements 5 in the form of tension strips 6,6″, in order to attain a deformation also over the cross-section, seeFIG. 8B and C, in which case it is also possible to provide merely oneactive element or further such active elements in the transversedirection.

FIG. 9 shows a cross-section taken through a packaging container 28including two boomerang-shaped, shape-variable shaped bodies 1, 1′, thewings of which abut in each case the adjacent walls of the packagingcontainer 28. On the surfaces of the shaped bodies 1, 1′ bearing againstthe walls, tension belts 6, 6′ are provided to serve as active elements5, fifted to one end, close to one of the comers 29, 29′, shown in FIG.9A, of the packaging container 28, in which the two shaped bodies 1 and1′ meet, and inserted at the other end into a selflocking tensioning orcoiling device serving as the device 10 for applying forces. In one orboth shaped bodies 1, 1′ incisions 30 and/or wedge-like openings may beprovided, permitting better adaptation of the variable shaped bodies 1,1′ to the prevailing shapes of transport goods 31 or even facilitating amodification of shape. In FIG. 9B transport protection is shown on threedifferent goods 31 by means of the shape-variable shaped bodies 1, 1′.For specific purposes the use of only one or a larger number of shapedbodies 1 is possible for a packaging container 28 of any desired shape.The original shape as well of the variable shaped bodies 1, 1′ may beadapted in advance to any desired goods 31 to be packed.

For the majority of embodiments described up to now the modification ofa predetermined variable shaped body takes place only until it reachesits negative or mirror-image shape, i.e. the deformation is virtually adisplacement in itself. Examples will still be set out hereafter, wherean additional modification is or additional modifications are providedby one or more superimposed force applications.

FIG. 10 shows the influence of forces at two spaced apart locations 32and 33 on the active element 5, connected to a shaped body 1, permittingin the embodiment a vertex displacement of a convexity 3 from S1 to S2and back, depending on the predetermined original shape, in which caseat the two spaced apart locations 32 and 33 tensile forces of anydesired combination, as the case may be, even compressive forces, may beapplied onto or reduced from the active element 5 with varyingintensity. This causes a broad variation of the modification of theshaped body 1, which can be further modified by modifying the positionand/or the number of the points of engagement 32, 33. It is alsopossible to provide further active elements 5, which permit thetransmission of forces in any further direction, so that the shaped body1 can be subjected to further deformations, in which case further mainand side effects, such as vibration and/or massage movements, can beattained.

FIG. 11 shows a shaped body 34 in the form of a resilient body,stretchable in longitudinal direction, in the transverse directionhaving rigid, approximately parallel folds with an increasing and thendecreasing fold height, such as in its original shape it has a linearbase 2 and a convexity 3. In the embodiment shown, the active element 5,a tension strip 6, associated with the shaped body 34 is guided aroundtwo deflection points 14, 14′, the two ends 6a and 6b of the tensionstrip 6, as shown in FIG. 11C and D, being interconnected by means of adevice 35, adjusting the spacing of the ends 6a and 6b from one another.In addition, one of the deflection points 14 or 14′ is arranged in adistance-adjustable manner in relation to the other. If the twodeflection points 14, 14′, as shown in FIG. 11A, are positioned asclosely together as possible, the tension strip 6 is unstressed and theshaped body 34 is present in its predetermined original state. In thiscase the respective terminal fold may be anchored on the active element5. By varying the spacing in the sense of moving the deflection points14, 14′ away from one another, e.g. by shifting the axis of a deflectionroll forming the deflection point, the active element 5 expands andstretches the shaped body 34, displacing it at the same time. Thedisplacement may be effected additionally or also solely in that, asdescribed above, the spacing between the strip ends 6 a and 6 b isadjusted. Two possible, modifications are illustrated in FIG. 11C andFIG. 11D, both comprising an adjustment mechanism including a Bowdencable arrangement. If one of the two deflection rolls is turned aboutits own axis, a displacement of the vertex of the opposite convexity 3′is caused.

FIG. 12 illustrates a further modification of a device for modifying ashaped body and for the additional displaceability of the vertex of thedisplaced convexity 3′ of a shaped body 36. In this case the shaped body36 comprises segments 37, fitted to any desired flexible support 38 inan articulate manner in spaced apart relationship, their other endsbeing likewise fitted in an articulate manner to a flexible activeelement 5. In this case the segments 37 are disposed at an angle Inrelation to the horizontal line. In the embodiment shown, the heights ofthe individual segments 37 in relation to the horizontal line are soselected that their vertexes describe a curve, i.e. a convexity 3. Ifthe active element 5 is fitted to one end and if tension is applied onthe other end until it is completely stretched, then not only aconvexity 3′ is attained in the opposite direction, but also a vertexdisplacement, depending on the angle setting and the displacement of theactive element 5 from the concavity 8 into the stretched position, asshown in FIG. 12B. If the setting of the fixing point and the directionof tension are changed on the active element 5, a vertex displacementtakes place in the opposite direction, as shown in FIG. 12C.

The embodiment illustrated in FIG. 13 shows a structure, similar to theone described in FIG. 12; in this case, however, a shaped body 39 isprovided, in which, symmetrically to the central line the individualsegments 37′ of the right side, as opposed to those of the left side,are disposed symmetrically but at opposed angles to the horizontal lineand are connected in an articulate manner to the active element 5 or thesupport 38. A uniform convexity is attained because from both ends aneven tension is applied to the active element 5. If the tension isapplied unevenly from both ends, a displacement of the vertex can againbe brought about within certain limits.

In the embodiment illustrated in FIG. 14 the shaped body 39′ has theconfiguration described in FIG. 13. In this case, however, the activeelement 5 is fixed to both ends and is separated in the center betweenthe two segments 37′ having an opposed angle arrangement and providedwith a device 35′ for the adjustment of the spacing between theseparated ends. If the ends touch, i.e. if the spacing becomes zero, thecurved position of the shaped body 39 is attained, as shown in FIG. 14B.

FIG. 15 shows an embodiment of a shaped body 40, comprising individualsegments 37″, which, freely movable in relation to one another, butderiving support from one another, form a shaped body 40 having adownwardly directed convexity 3. Underneath the shaped body 40 an activeelement 5 is provided in a concavity 8, corresponding to the convexity 3while a flexible cover 15 is disposed above the shaped body 40. In thisembodiment, forming an enclosed shaped body 40, due to the cover 15 andthe active element 5, no connection is required, neither to the activeelement 5 nor to the cover 15, since the individual segments 37″ aredisposed side-by-side, supporting one another and are held from below bythe active element 5. In this embodiment, the tensile force ispreferably applied to both ends. In FIG. 15B a convexity element 40modified by stretching of the active element 5 is shown, the newconvexity 3′ of which points into the direction opposite the originalposition.

FIG. 16 shows an embodiment of a shaped body 41, in which the individualsegments 37′″ are arranged in a fishbone-like pattern, the activeelement 5 being disposed in each case connected to them in an articulatemanner between the upper and the lower segments 37′″, where applicableeven with a longitudinal slip. The free ends of the segments 37′″ aremounted in an articulate manner in a flexible envelope 42, surroundingthe shaped body 41. If a force is applied to the active element 5,rigidly connected in an articulate manner at one end to the last pair ofsegments with a slip, the shaped body 41, which in its originalposition, see FIG. 16A and C, is extremely flat, can be converted into aballoon-shaped body, see FIG. 16B and D. Provided there is no concavityor gap and the shaped body 41 is arranged on a surface, e.g. a levelsurface and a tensile force is applied to one side, the shaped body 41out of the original position shown in FIG. 16C experiences a maximumballoon-shaped deformation as illustrated in FIG. 16D. In this processthe active element 5 no longer forms a straight line but a curve.

FIGS. 17 and 18 show embodiments of a shape-variable shaped body 43,functioning e.g. on a plane or even on curved surfaces of any design,i.e. without a real concavity being present, into which the shaped bodycan be introduced or in which it is originally disposed. FIG. 17 shows aplate 44, on which the shaped body 43 is provided, comprising segments37 of different height, fitted in an articulate manner to the plate 44in spaced apart relationship, the free ends of which are connected to anactive element 5 in an articulate manner, and on which, as the case maybe, a cover 15 may be provided. In the position of rest shown in FIG.17A the shaped body 43 adopts its flattest shape, i.e. its startingposition. With the application of a tensile force onto the activeelement 5 in the direction of the arrow according to FIG. 17B thesegments 37 rise and the shaped body 43 becomes curved. If the segments37 are vertical in relation to the plate 44, the convexity attains themaximum vertex height. For the possible attainment of the vertex heighta restoring force, e.g. in the form of a spring or shearing force, mustbe provided for pivoting the segments 37.

The embodiment of a shaped body 45 illustrated in FIG. 18 is structuredin a way similar to the one described in FIG. 17. In this case thesegments 37 are fitted in an articulate manner in spaced apartrelationship on a preferably rigid active means 50 serving as the activeelement 5 rather than directly on the plate 44 as in the embodimentaccording to FIG. 17. In the present case the plate 44 serves as asupport and/or guide means for the active element 5, e.g. a tension rod46. The free ends of the segments 37 are in the present embodimentfitted to a cover 15 in an articulate manner. If a tensile force isapplied in the direction of the arrow in FIG. 20B, the segments 37 areraised and a curved shaped body comes about according to theirlongitudinal dimensions and their disposition. In the event of the useof a dimensionally rigid active element 5, a reduction of the convexitycan again be attained, in the case of further movement of the activeelement 5, up to a position, where the segments 37 are once again lyingside-by-side, however in a direction opposite to the position shown inFIG. 18A. If the cover 15 has an inherent elasticity, i.e. is able toapply a force on the segments 37, the active element 5 may also compriseany flexible, tension-resistant material, as the return of the segments37 into the starting position can then be effected by the resilience andthe tension force of the cover 15, provided possible self-locking isexcluded by appropriate measures.

By means of the embodiments shown in FIGS. 16 to 18, the deformation ofa shaped body can be performed, enlarging its volume.

The individual components described as well as functionally similarcomponents may be utilized in any desired combination for themanufacture of shaped bodies, just as the described individual shapedbodies may likewise be combined into units in any desired way.

What is claimed is:
 1. A ergonomic support apparatus comprising: Ananchor disposed adjacent to an anatomical location to be supported; Aroller disposed adjacent to the anatomical location to be supported,said roller being further disposed on a side of the anatomical locationto be supported opposite from said anchor; A fabric web attached to saidanchor and attached to said roller, said fabric web being displaceablebetween a stretched position that is flat relative to the anatomicallocation to be supported and a relaxed position that is concave relativeto the anatomical location to be supported; A tensioner that rotatessaid roller to selectively mediate stretching of said fabric web fromsaid relaxed position to said stretched position; and A resilientsupport body attached to said fabric web such that said resilientsupport body is convex towards the anatomical location to be supportedwhen said fabric web is in said stretched position and such that saidresilient support body is flat relative to the anatomical location to besupported when said fabric web is in said relaxed position.
 2. Theergonomic support of claim 1 wherein said tensioner is a coilingelement.
 3. The ergonomic support of claim 2 wherein said coilingelement is eccentric.
 4. The ergonomic support of claim 1 wherein saidtensioner is self locking.
 5. The ergonomic support of claim 1 whereinsaid tensioner is a cable.
 6. The ergonomic support of claim 1 whereinsaid roller is comprised of at least one deflection point having a firstposition that holds said fabric web in said stretched position and saidat least one deflection point having a second position that holds saidfabric web in said relaxed position.
 7. The ergonomic support of claim 1wherein said fabric web has two ends, said ends having a spaced positionand a closed position relative to each other, said spaced position ofsaid two ends holding said fabric web in said relaxed position and saidclosed position of said two ends holding said fabric web in saidstretched position.
 8. The ergonomic support of claim 1 wherein saidtensioner is operated by an actuator selected from the group consistingof; an electric motor, a hydraulic device, a pneumatic device, a cableand a manual device.
 9. The ergonomic support of claim 1 wherein saidfabric web is at least one flexible strip.
 10. The ergonomic support ofclaim 1 further comprising a concave shell.
 11. The ergonomic support ofclaim 10 wherein said concave shell in combination with said anchor,said roller, said fabric web, said tensioner and said resilient supportbody comprise an independent module.
 12. The ergonomic support of claim1 wherein said resilient support body is asymmetrical.
 13. The ergonomicsupport of claim 1 wherein said resilient support body is stretchablelongitudinally.
 14. The ergonomic support of claim 1 wherein saidresilient support body is transversely pressure resistant.
 15. Theergonomic support of claim 1 further comprising: an enveloping elementdisposed on a side of said resilient support body opposite said fabricweb.
 16. The ergonomic support of claim 1 wherein said resilient supportbody is folded longitudinally such that said resilient support body hastransverse folds.
 17. The ergonomic support of claim 1 wherein saidfabric web is within said resilient support body.
 18. The ergonomicsupport of claim 1 wherein said fabric web and said tensioner are thesame element.
 19. The ergonomic support of claim 1 further comprising atraction device operatively engaged with said tensioner.
 20. Theergonomic support of claim 1 wherein said tensioner exerts tensioncontinuously.
 21. The ergonomic support of claim 1 wherein saidtensioner exerts tension incrementally.
 22. The ergonomic support ofclaim 1 wherein said resilient support body is nondeformable.
 23. Theergonomic support of claim 1 further comprising a second resilientsupport body.
 24. The ergonomic support of claim 1 wherein said secondresilient support body moves in unison with said first resilient supportbody.
 25. The ergonomic support of claim 1 wherein said fabric web isstretchable.
 26. The ergonomic support of claim 1 wherein said resilientsupport body is segmented.
 27. The ergonomic support of claim 1 whereinsaid resilient support body has incisions.
 28. The ergonomic support ofclaim 1 further comprising: an enveloping element disposed on a side ofsaid resilient support body opposite said fabric web; a plurality ofbattens, each having a first end and a second end, said first end ofeach of said battens being in pivoting contact with said fabric web, andsaid second end of each of said battens being in pivoting contact withsaid enveloping element such that when said fabric web is in saidrelaxed position, said battens are substantially flat relative to theanatomical location to be supported and such that when said fabric webis in said stretched position said battens are substantiallyperpendicular to said fabric web.
 29. The ergonomic support of claim 28wherein said battens overlap when said fabric web is in said relaxedposition.
 30. The ergonomic support of claim 28 wherein said fabric webis further displaceable to a third position wherein said battens form anapex in a convexity of said enveloping element, said apex of said thirdposition being different from an apex of said enveloping element formedwhen said fabric web is in said stretched position.
 31. The ergonomicsupport of claim 28 further comprising a second enveloping element on anopposite side of said resilient support body from said first envelopingelement.
 32. The ergonomic support of claim 31 further comprising asecond plurality of battens, each of said second plurality of battenshaving a first end and a second end, said first end of each of saidsecond plurality of said battens being in pivoting contact with saidfabric web, and said second end of each of said second plurality ofbattens being in pivoting contact with said second enveloping elementsuch that when said fabric web is in said relaxed position, each of saidsecond plurality of battens are substantially flat relative to theanatomical location to be supported and such that when said fabric webin said stretched position each of said second plurality of battens aresubstantially perpendicular to said fabric web.
 33. The ergonomicsupport of claim 31 wherein said fabric web is further displaceable to athird position wherein said resilient support body forms an apex, saidapex of said third position being different from an apex of saidresilient support body formed when said fabric web is in said stretchedposition.